But sanctions are working, and Russia's energy exports are gradually declining even in the absence of an import embargo.
Since the beginning of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine by sea and The pipelines exported fossil fuels worth € 63 billion, 44 billion (71%) of which came from the EU. This conclusion was reached by the Center for Energy and Clean Air Research (CREA), gathering information on the supply of fossil fuels to Russia by sea and pipelines. About this in his article for ZN.UA “Financing Putin's War in Europe” is written by Laura Milliwirta and Konstantin Krynytsky.
The EU's share of Russia's fossil fuel exports was about 30% for coal, 50% for crude oil, 80% for liquefied natural gas, 70% for petroleum products and 90% for pipeline gas. And the largest importers (see Figure 2) were:
- Germany (9.1 billion euros);
- Italy (6.9 billion euros);
- China (6.7 billion euros);
- The Netherlands (€ 5.6 billion);
- Turkey (€ 4.1 billion);
- France (€ 3.8 billion).
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Of course, sanctions are working, and Russia's energy exports are gradually declining even in the absence of an embargo on imports. Oil supplies to the EU fell by 20% and coal by 40%.
At the same time, liquefied natural gas supplies to Europe increased by 20%. Gas purchases in the EU through pipelines increased by 10%.
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